Pump or engine construction



c..A. ANDERSONA 1,755,169 PUMP OR NGINE CONSTRUCTION Apnl y22, 1930.

April 22, 1930. Ac. A. ANDERSON 1,755,169

l V PUMP OR HCIIF.:` CONSTRUCTION l Filed vAug.- 8, 1925 Sheets-Sheet 2 v u 0 0 C y S Patented Apr. 22, 1930 cuentas A. ANDERSON, or estraneo, :minors PUMP OR ENGINECONSTBUCTION Application mea August s, 1925. serial No. 4am.,

My invention relates to pump or enginev A construction, and more particularly to improvements in pump or engine construction,

adapted for use in pressure, refrigerating systems and the like, though in its broader aspects it is not limited to the particular use or uses specified.

Among the salient objects 'of-the' invention are to provide a'construction which can lbe used either as anengine or pump, which may be used forpumpingand compressing iiuids, .or as a prime mover using steam vapor,gas or air pressure and the like. To'provide `a construction of the character referred to in which the cylinders and their pistons are ro-A tatably mounted on a drive shaft, said ,plistons having operativeconnections or connecting rods, one end of which by 4a exible or universal joint is connected to a fixed point l radially removed 7from an extended axialli'ne of the drive shaft. To provide a construction which when usedfas a ,pump eliminates checkvalves, the inlet and outlet ports being con- 4 trolled by the rotation of the cylinders.

To provide a" construction, which when used as an engine, eliminates the inlet and cutoil' valves because the rotation of the cylinders themselves serves as a valve member.

To provide. a construction where a numi ber of pistons and their connections use one stationary actuatmg bearlng 1n common thus eliminating an objectionable number of bear ingsor pivots, To provide a construction where the connecting rodbearings are auto- I matically adapted'ito take up any reasonable amount of wear, and yenable the engine or pump ftogrunr :smooth :and rknoiseless infor` llong 'periods off time without vtaking up 'lost vtmotion. The'means provided for lubricating 0 pistons and moving parts are also novel and important. To provide a construction where.

the pump maybe used in a c1osed circulation system and maintain a desired difference of pressure between two compartments, and 1n general to provide a construction that 1s simple, and compact, which is economically manufactured and yet is intensely practical vand reliable in operation.

The drawin sand specification show and I 5 describe the evice as used in connection 'washerf10.

with a closed circulatory system, refrigerating systems and the like, the general arran ement of which would be somewhat modi ed when using the device as an engine or prime mover.

In the drawings- Figure 1 is vertical sectional view of my lnvention'. f

Figure 2 is a transverse view partly in section taken'on line 2, Figure 1 loolng in the 60 direction of the arrow. 4

Figure 3 is atransverse'view taken on lineY 3,\Figure 1 looking in the direction of arrow, showing the cylinder ports.

Figure 4 is a view taken on line 4, Figure 1 65 lookingvin the direction of arrow,- showing inlet and outlet ports in main stationary bearin support;

igures 5 and 6 are views showing the spring washer used for the ball retaining ca s. A

eferringto the drawings-'- .2 designates the stationary main bearin support having a cylindrical casing 3 secure' thereto by means of screws 4 and 4J; a gasket 75 5 interposed between'the two assures a gastight enclosure. Rotatably mounted in main bearing support 2 isa drive shaft 6 having at' .and the opposing face of cylinder block I are uarewith the shaft ,6

accurately machined s einl the anti-friction and carries between t 1 11 and l2;are `the respectiveinlet jandoutlet ports in the main bearing support 2, and 13v and 14 are kthe respective ports in cylinder 90 block 7, each of y which communicates with its corresponding cylinder.

. 15 and 16 are pistons adapted to reciprocate within the cylinders 8 and 9 by means of the hollow connecting rods L17 and 18, each of ,95" which have oEerative connections at one of their ends to t e pistons 15 and 16 by the ball and socket joints 19 and 20 and at theirl other end by means of their common socket 21 to the stationary ball 22, the latter of 4which by 1100 means of hollow extension 23 and set screw 24 is adj ustably secured in the closed end of casing 3 at a point radially remote from an extended axial line of drive shaft 6.

Preferably as shown, the lower part of casing 3 is filled with a suitable amount of lubricatingol vso that as the parts rotate within casing 3 they are all eifectively lubricated. Inlet"v port 11, as shown, communicates `with interior of casing 3, which in turn, by means of U shaped passage 26 communicates with inlet pipe 27 and the therewith connected low pressure coil or compartment 28; outlet port 12 by means of passage 29 communicates with outlet pipe 30 and the therewith connected high pressure coil or compartment 31. Leading from one end of U shapedpassage 26 are `,the respective oil conveying tubes 32 and 33;

and any oil which in` the course of running sprays over into the high and low pressure coils, or escapes from casing 3 will by means of this oil conveying tubes be returned to bear?V ingof main shaft-.6 and by means of hollow extension 23 and hollow connecting rods 17 and 18 to their respective bearings, the function ofthe U shaped passage 26 is to act as an oil trap permitting the lighter fluid such as vapor or gas to enter casing 3 and the heavier oil to lind its way back by gravity and centrifugal force through the above mentioned passages. 1

Interposed between retaining caps a, a and 'a2 on ball and socket joints 19, 20 and 22, and the adjusting screws b, b', and b2 and b3 are the wave shaped spring washers c, e and c2 shown in Figures 5 and 6, the function of which is to press theretaining caps a, a and wz up against their respective bearings and thus automaticall take'up any reasonable amountl of wear t at may take place in the 'cinta The main wear and pressure, it will he observed is always when running on that side .of the bearings which is opposed tothe retaining caps.

Interposed between high and low pressure coils or compartments 31 and 28 is a passage 34 leading through the main bearing of shaft 6, said passage, 1s, in practice, opened and closed in -anintermittent manner by means of a port Qr hole`35, drilled in shaft 6. The objectof this arrangement is to keep the difference of pressure Vin. high and low pressure coils or compartmentsat a predetermined ratio, which ratio may also be somewhat modified by adjustment of valve 36. The vobject of this orted passage is to eliminate the hairfine adlustment so hard to obtain by a. restricted valve passage, where a little oil or sediment upsets the ratio of the desired pressure. It will be understood that port or hole 35 is open l only a fraction of the time of the revolution of the shaft 6 and may consequently be relative- 1y large` an `able to'clear itself of any ordinary obstructionthat may occur. v37 and 38 are gauges showing the relative high and low and shaft, the variable an fing box to prevent any leakage of vapor or oil past the drive shaft 6.

From .the foregoing it will be understood that uponcausing drive shaft'and the thereto'sec'ured cylinder block 7 to rotate the pistons v15 and 16 will be caused to reciprocate .within their respective cylinders and in opposite directions by reason of the angular vari ation thus obtained by their connecting rods relative tothe fixed stationary ball 22 and the axis o f their respectivecylinders.

In Figure-#1 the cylinders, pistons and their connectionsare shown inthe position obtained at the completion of their respective out and in stroke,cylinder 8 and piston 15 having drawn in a full charge of the fluid to be compressed and pumped through the inlet port 11, and cylinder9 and iston 16 having expelled its contents-through outlet port 12.

By rotating shaft and cylinders, pistons `and their connections in the direction shown by arrow Fig. 4, the inlet port to cylinder 8 will be closed, and after about one quarter of4 a revolution of the shaft, the cylinder port 13 will begin toregister With .outlet port 12 permitting the compressed liuid to be forced out into the high pressure coil or compartment 31 by the inwardly `moving piston 15,

cylinder 9, and port 14 in the' meantime registerswith inletport 11 and the outwardly moving piston 16 draws in a new charge from casing 3 and the therewith connected low pressure coil or compartment 28. By contin block registering With each other at the proper time for the inlet and outlet of the fluid to bel compressed, and pumped, 4thus eliminating obstructions, check valves or valve mechanism.

When the device 1s used as an engine the `ports 11 and 12 will operate in theopposite way, port 12 becoming the inlet and 11 the outlet port.

Itis obvious that various changes in detail of construction such as the angle of cylinders le of the connecting rods and the longitu inal movement of the pistonor pistons and other changes in constructionanthcombination of arts can be made without departing from t e scope of my invention. l

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination of a main support, a drive shaft in said support having a rotary element secured thereto, ported cylinders in said element, pistons in said cylinders, hollow connecting-rods operatively connected at one .of their ends to said pistons and at their other ends to a stationary point radially removed from an extended axialfline of said drive shaft. i

2. The combination with a main support, a drive shaft adopted to rotate in said support, a cylinder-block, secured to said drive shaft, cylinders in said block the axis of which is radially removed and substantially parallel with the axis of said shaft, pistons within said cylinders and means to reciprocate same by the angular variations of their connecting rods as the cylinders rotate.

3. The combination of a main support, al `drive shaft having a rotatable element se cured thereto journaled in said support, ported cylinders'in said element, pistons in said cylinders, connecting-rods operatively conshaft, a sliding member carried by said element, operative connections between said sliding member and a stationary point radially removed from an extended axial line of said shaft.

5. The combination of a rotary element adapted to vrotate within a gas tight casing,`

ported cylinders in said element the axis of which are substantially parallel to the axis of their rotation, pistons 'in said cylinders, connecting rods operatively connected at one of their ends to said pistons and rotating therewith, and at theirjother end connected with and rotating around a center longitudinally remote from said cylinders andA radially removed from an extended axial line of their rotation. y

6. rlhe combination of a main support, a shaft, a rotary element 0n said shaft, ported cylinders in said element, pistons in said cylinders, ports .in said support adapted to register with said cylinders, operative con nections between said pistons and a fixed point radially removed from -an extended axial line of said shaft, low and high pres -ders in said element, pistons in sa'id cy sure compartments connected with said ports and means to rotate said element substantially as described.

7. The combination of a main support, a shaft, a rotary elementon said shaft finders, connecting-rods operatively connected at one of their ends to said pistons by means of uni-n versal joints and at their other ends to a fixed point, and resilient means to compensate for the wear of said joints, substantially as de scribed.

8. rlhe combination with ported cylinders, of pistons for said cylinders, connecting rods for said pistons, each of said rods having one of its ends operatively connected to one of the pistons, a common bearing for the other ends of said rods, and means. for causing relcylini fe t ative angular displacement between said bearing and said cylinders to reciprocate the pistons in the cylinders, said angularvdis-A 'placement being in a plane disposed at an ngle to the longitudinal axis of the cyliners.

9. The combination with a ported cylinder of a piston for said cylinder, a connecting rod having one of its ends operatively connected to said piston, a bearing for theother end of said rod, and means for causing relative langular displacement between the cylinder and said bearing to reciprocate the piston in the cylinder, said angular displacement being in a plane normal vto the longitudinal axis of the cylinder.

10. The combination with ported cylinders, of pistons for said cylinders, connecting rods for said pistons, each of said rods having one of its ends operatively connected to one ofy said pistons, a bearing member rigidly secured to the other ends of the piston rods and adapted to prevent relative displacement therebetween, and means for reciprocating said pistons by angular variation of said rods, with respect td said cylinders. j

l1. In a pump for compressing gaseous fluids the combination of a main support; a shaft, a rotary element on said shaft, ported cylinders in said element, pistons in said cylinders, operative connections between said pistons and a fixed point radially removed fromy an extended axial line of said shaft, in.

let and outlet ports in said support adapted to register with the ports in said cylinders, low and high pressure compartments connected to said inlet and outlet ports, means to adjust and maintain a fixed ratio of pressure in said'compartments embracing a direct passage between same, an adjusting valve and a mechanically controlled port in said passage, and means to open and close said port in an intermittent manner, substantially as described. y y

ln testimony whereof, l have signed my name to this specification.

CHARLES A. ANDERSN. y 

